Most shooters ask the same question sooner or later: How much ammo do I actually need on hand? The answer depends on how often you train and what you’re preparing for. You don’t need a pallet of surplus to be ready—but you do need a plan.
This guide breaks ammo requirements into practical categories and gives clear round-count targets for 9mm, 5.56/.223, and 12-gauge based on real-world use.
The Three Types of Ammo Every Shooter Should Track
A functional stockpile isn’t just “whatever’s in the garage.” Organize what you own into three buckets:
1. Range Ammo
Your monthly burn rate. Used for regular range days, match prep, and classes.
2. Ready Ammo
Loaded magazines and defensive loads staged in gear, safes, or vehicles. This is your immediate-use supply.
3. Long-Term Reserve
Deep storage you don’t touch unless there’s a true disruption—political unrest, supply chain collapse, or extended shortages.
When you separate ammo by purpose, it becomes easier to calculate what you actually need.
How Much 9mm to Stockpile
Range Ammo
If you train consistently, expect to shoot 250–500 rounds per month. High-intensity handgun courses can exceed 1,000 rounds in a weekend.
Ready Ammo
A reliable baseline is 6–10 loaded magazines per pistol (roughly 100–150 rounds).
Long-Term Reserve
A sensible long-term number is 5,000 rounds per shooter, covering practice, defensive use, and future shortages.
How Much 5.56/.223 to Stockpile
Range Ammo
Active rifle shooters typically burn 300–500 rounds per month, more if you attend carbine classes or competitions.
Ready Ammo
A standard loadout is 10 loaded magazines, or 300 rounds staged and ready.
Long-Term Reserve
Plan for 5,000 rounds per shooter. This keeps you training without eating into emergency stock.
How Much 12-Gauge to Stockpile
Range Ammo
Shotgun practice is lower volume: 25–50 shells per month, mixing birdshot, buckshot, and slugs.
Ready Ammo
Keep 100–150 shells staged in cards, side saddles, or bandoliers.
Long-Term Reserve
Aim for 250–500 shells, evenly split between 00 buck and slugs.
Tip: Shotgun shells are more vulnerable to heat and humidity. Store them dry and rotate regularly.
If You’re a Casual Shooter (Low Commitment Stockpile)
For shooters who don’t train weekly but still want a reliable reserve:
- 5.56/.223: ~2,300 rounds (300 ready, 2,000 reserve)
- 9mm: ~1,650 rounds (150 ready, 1,500 reserve)
- 12-gauge: ~400 shells (150 staged, 250 reserve)
This covers defensive requirements plus moderate training without going overboard.
For Serious Shooters and Preparedness-Minded Households
If you train monthly, attend courses, or want a deeper hedge against shortages:
- 5.56/.223: ~11,300 rounds
- 6,000 annual training
- 300 ready
- 5,000 reserve
- 9mm: ~11,150 rounds
- 6,000 annual training
- 150 ready
- 5,000 reserve
- 12-gauge: ~1,250 shells
- 600 training
- 150 ready
- 500 reserve
These numbers support high-volume practice plus a long-term emergency buffer.
Final Thoughts
You don’t need 50,000 rounds to be prepared. What you do need is structure:
- Divide your ammo into range, ready, and reserve
- Track what you shoot each month
- Rotate older stock
- Replace what you shoot
- Train often enough to stay sharp
A smart stockpile isn’t about hoarding—it’s about capability. Ammunition won’t solve problems on its own. Training, skill, and consistency will.